Journal: Development (Cambridge, England)

Article Title: BMP4 and PTHrP interact to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction.

doi: 10.1242/dev.000182

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1. BMP4 is expressed in the ventral mesenchyme during embryonic mammary gland development. (A) -galactosidase staining of a Bmp4-lacZneo embryo on E12.5. In these embryos - galatosidase is expressed under the control of the BMP4 promoter. At this stage of development, BMP4 is normally prominently expressed on the ventral surface of the embryo. (B) Cross-section of an E13.5 Bmp4-lacZneo

Article Snippet: Cells were treated with 0, 10, 50 and 100 ng/ml recombinant BMP4 or BMP2 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) RESEARCH ARTICLE Development 134 (6) D E V E LO P M E N T with or without 10–7 M PTHrP (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO) and were harvested after 18-20 hours’ exposure.

Techniques: Staining, Control

Journal: Development (Cambridge, England)

Article Title: BMP4 and PTHrP interact to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction.

doi: 10.1242/dev.000182

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4. BMP4 rescues outgrowth of PTHrP–/– mammary buds in organ culture. (A-D) Representative examples of bud outgrowths after 7 days in organ culture. (A) Wild-type mammary bud. (B) PTHrP–/– bud. (C) PTHrP–/– bud treated with 10–7 M PTHrP. (D) PTHrP–/– bud treated with 10 ng/ml BMP4. (E) Quantification of the frequency of bud outgrowth under different conditions as noted on the x-axis. Each experiment was performed on 15 buds over three separate experiments, except for the wild-type buds, which represent a total of 40 buds over eight separate experiments. *, P<0.05 for WT versus WT+noggin; #, P<0.05 for WT versus KO; triangle, P<0.05 for KO versus KO+PTHrP and KO versus KO+BMP4.

Article Snippet: Cells were treated with 0, 10, 50 and 100 ng/ml recombinant BMP4 or BMP2 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) RESEARCH ARTICLE Development 134 (6) D E V E LO P M E N T with or without 10–7 M PTHrP (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO) and were harvested after 18-20 hours’ exposure.

Techniques: Organ Culture

Journal: Development (Cambridge, England)

Article Title: BMP4 and PTHrP interact to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction.

doi: 10.1242/dev.000182

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6. PTHrP and BMP4 interact to regulate Msx2 gene expression in C3H10T1/2 cell. qRT-PCR for Msx2 mRNA in C3H10T1/2 cells treated for 7 days with 10–7 M PTHrP, 50 ng/ml BMP4, or both together. Shown is the average level of expression represented as the fold induction over no treatment (NT). Each bar represents the average±s.e.m. of three individual experiments.

Article Snippet: Cells were treated with 0, 10, 50 and 100 ng/ml recombinant BMP4 or BMP2 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) RESEARCH ARTICLE Development 134 (6) D E V E LO P M E N T with or without 10–7 M PTHrP (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO) and were harvested after 18-20 hours’ exposure.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing

Journal: Development (Cambridge, England)

Article Title: BMP4 and PTHrP interact to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction.

doi: 10.1242/dev.000182

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 8. PTHrP and BMP signaling interact to initiate mammary bud outgrowth and nipple formation. PTHrP is secreted from mammary epithelial cells and increases BMPR1A expression in the mammary mesenchyme. This increases the sensitivity of these cells to BMPs and allows them to respond to BMP4 in a paracrine and/or autocrine fashion. BMP4 signaling in the mesenchyme, in turn, triggers epithelial outgrowth and augments MSX2 expression, which causes the mammary mesenchyme to inhibit hair follicle formation within the nipple sheath.

Article Snippet: Cells were treated with 0, 10, 50 and 100 ng/ml recombinant BMP4 or BMP2 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) RESEARCH ARTICLE Development 134 (6) D E V E LO P M E N T with or without 10–7 M PTHrP (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO) and were harvested after 18-20 hours’ exposure.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Development (Cambridge, England)

Article Title: Requirements for endoderm and BMP signaling in sensory neurogenesis in zebrafish.

doi: 10.1242/dev.01936

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5. BMP gene expression in the pharyngeal pouches during epibranchial development, and defects in cas mutants. Lateral views, anterior to the left. Whole- mount in situ hybridization was performed in wild types at 22 hpf (top row), 30 hpf (second row) and 40 hpf (third row), and in cas mutants at 40 hpf (bottom row), for bmp2a (A,E,I,M), bmp2b (B,F,J,N), bmp4 (C,G,K,O) and bmp5 (D,H,L,P). Arrows indicate initial expression at the ventrolateral edges of each pouch. Arrow in H denotes bmp5 expression in the dorsal pouches. 1-5, pharyngeal pouches; ot, otic capsule.

Article Snippet: Human recombinant BMP4, BMP5, BMP7 and Noggin proteins (R&D Systems) were used for bead implantation experiments.

Techniques: Gene Expression, In Situ Hybridization, Expressing

Journal: Development (Cambridge, England)

Article Title: Requirements for endoderm and BMP signaling in sensory neurogenesis in zebrafish.

doi: 10.1242/dev.01936

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 8. BMP4-coated beads induce, and NOG-coated beads inhibit, epibranchial formation. Lateral views, anterior to the left. In situ hybridization for phox2b mRNA to label epibranchials at 48 hpf. (A) Wild-type control embryo. (B-F) Embryos that received Affi-Gel Blue beads soaked in either PBS (B), BMP4 (10 μg/ml, C; 1 μg/ml, D) or NOG protein (500 pg/ml, E; 300 pg/ml, F). Arrows in C and D indicate ectopic phox2b+ cells adjacent to the bead; arrows in E and F denote missing ganglia adjacent to the NOG-coated bead. Asterisks indicate beads. gVII, facial; gIX, glossopharyngeal; gX, vagal; ot, otic vesicle. Scale bar: 50 μm.

Article Snippet: Human recombinant BMP4, BMP5, BMP7 and Noggin proteins (R&D Systems) were used for bead implantation experiments.

Techniques: In Situ Hybridization, Control